Saratoxa, N. ¥., Aug. 31—The following address on' The Proposed Anglo-American Alliance was delivered before -the American Social Science Association at its annual meeting at Saratoga, ing, by Charles A. Gardiner, A-M., Counsel for the Elevated Railroads York city. Dr. Gardiner said The nations of the ancient world were swept from existence one by ore, by a sudden and terrible death. In the background of centuries," says Hugo, " we see those immense vessels, Babylon, Nineveh, Tarsus, Thebes, and Rome, sunk by the terrific blasts that blow from the mouths of darkness." Mediseval and modern States have lived longer, yet for 2,000 years death has claimed' its victims with ever-increasing fatality, and tribal and State entities are fewer to-day than ever bef-re. Intense concentration is the rule of modern life. Steam and electricity have eliminate ed spee and time, and the world is not now one-tenth as large as in 1800. Private rights are aggregated into corporations and trusts; and strong nations, reflecting the spirit of the aye. grow larger and stronger until the nation and the race become identical, while weak States grow weaker, and die, or are absorbed by the strong world powers. 5 In continental Europe and Asia, Russia is the only virile, invincible and increasingly dominant power, and its domains are practically coincident with the Slavic race; in the western hemisphere the United States is supreme and in the rest of the world Great Britain, two nations whose territories embrace. the Anglo-Saxon race, 'These three nations, and two races, in the ultimate analysis of human power, rule the world. 'Thousands of miles from their seats of government, on the other side of the slope, they have met, face to face, for the frst time in history.' For 200 years Russia struggled to reach the open sea, and to-day her flag floats over Port Arthur. England has been in the Orient for a century; and America now holds the Philippines.
Shall it be America for Americans, segregation from the rest of the world, a policy isolation, and internal development without external expansion? Or shall we keep the Philippines, and enter the lists with England and Russia for the trade and
shall we encourage alliances, or shun them empire ofthe world 2, Ifthe latter course, contract offensive and defensive frosties, or avoid them? The answers to these questions are one, and are not found in recent events, but in social, economic and political forces," that have'been silently at work for russian aggression is consistent and inexorable. A' policy once formed is never changed. Eight hundred years ago Russi attacked Constantinople, and failed; in the Crimean war she would have annihilated Turkey had not France and England intervened; now with a part of Armenia in her possession, and Germany and France at her side, she hopes soon to defy Eng-Tand and absorb the rest of the Ottoman empire. For a hundred years she has been acquiring portions of Persia, and her protectorate to-day is so autocratic over the balance that the Shah is virtually a Russian vassal. China, north and east of Peking, she claims' as hor sphere of influence, and she is now disputing with England the sovereignty of the great central region. When it is realised that Siberin borders the empire for 4,000 miles, that Tartars and Mongols inhabit both sides of an imaginary boundary, that China is helpless, and that England, single-handed, has confessed her impotence, the probabilities ave strong that northern, eastern and a large part of central China may soon pass under the rule of St. Petersburg.
Such is Russia to-day, and as she hopes to be in the near future; a continuous, compact, unconquerable domain, with a teeming' population of 500,000,000 people through whose veins will flow the invincible virility of Cossack and Tartar and Slavic blood; an empire of warriors. Asiatic in spirit, born to fight, and whose only glory is in conquest; a nation that has Russianised every people it has conquered, until the nation and race are identical, and that race the one on the whole globe most initnical every element of Anglo-American civi tion; differing from us in language, literature, religion, and government, and vigorously antagonistic to all our conceptions of human rights and human duties, This, great power is opposed to an Anglo-American alliance, and to protect her interests has hastened to Washington her ablest and most subtle diplomat.
When the Chinese-Japanese war revealed China not only as a dying nation, but even then as almost dead, England sought to induce Russia-to abandon military occupation of the empire, and fulled. © War was the alternative, but England deprecated war because, as Mr. Chamberlain said: "History shows us that unless we are allied to some great military power, as we were in the Crimean war, we cannot seriously oppose Russia." And he admitted "Te is impossible to overrate the gravity
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