Another subject upon which the Jama ruminates and perplexes himself is the "twelve causes of exist-fence" and then for a time the "three marks" or characteristics in the doctrine of perception will engage his attention. The "three marks" are, the omniscient, the dependent, and the absolute, and they are three the most profound truths that perturb the lama's mind. There are five "means of grace" and to get anywhere at all he must pay very strict attention to these. 'They are as follows: The word of Buddha, the sacred writings, the doctrinal, land scientific writings, the oral Denedictions and the instructions of Jamas.' The 12 "precepts" are fortjunately only. observed by the faith-{ful -few, some: of which: ave as [follows: To dress only-in coats of rags; to eat only cne meal daily; from the six-syllable prayer "Omavipadmehun." "the "Three is the next most common or mystic sentence used
Literally, this obscure phrase "Gunheowehout the land of the Tamas.
simply means "the three or "the three precious ings," namely, Buddha, his word, and his priests.' As we understand it and use it, it means the three gods. The sentence "Gun-cho-sum"
used by the Tibetans ejaculatory" prayer. When crying }for help, mercy, or protection, the three gem prayer is the first' that comes to their lips. Commonly,
asseveration and is. however, used as a phrase of we would say, "God kn a Tibetan desires to buy [cow and the price is called in ion, "Gun-cho-swn" is appealed to test the price. Frequestly phrase may be used in other wa but principally this is how tans use it,
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.