"Now the following should constitute national functions or funetions exercised by the Central Government: (1) national defence, (2) national transportation, (3) enact ment of national laws, (4) unified system of law courts," (6) foreign affairs, (6) national' finances and currency, and (7) other functions which by their very nature require handling by the Central Governmne Apart from these, all other matt Mould appertain to, and be oxereis "3o far I have confined myself to the problem of road and railroad transportation, but the same should apply to the other facility of inter-communieation—such telegraph, the wireless, th phone, as' well river and can: servancy. mention and efforts of the Chinese Government and people should be directed towards the promotion of improved in every resp ent parts of the Republic will be knit together and all ties of localism or provincialism will disappear, and then the development of the country's industries and trade will take an upward bound.
"Next to the definition of the relationship between the Central Government and the provinces, and the promotion of better means of communication, the third essential in the reconstruction of China is compulsory education,. especially for children, "In promoting education, emphasis should be laid upon two imrant points. First, the necesity not only of imparting to the students a mere knowledge of the three R's—reading, writing and arithmetio—but a knowledge which, after their graduation, can help them to earn a livelihood. Under the present system of education not only those who graduate from primary schools cannot get a living, but college graduates find it a most difficult matter to secure proper employment. We may to-lay even find among the returned students, men who are constantly harassed by the wolf at the door because of a cimealiy of ebtainieg work. There seem to be too mai tenerals, and. not enough rank and file for them to command. In other In other words, instead of the old policy of domination or cen-realization, there should be provincial autonomy or decentralization, and mutual ce-operation instead of veiled antagonism between the Central Government and the provinces.
"As regards finances, the following should be administered by the Central Government: (a) customs avenue, (b) salt revenue, (e) wine and tobacco tax, (d) stamp tax, and (e) revenues derived from the national transportation system, These excepted, all other taxes and duties should appertain to, and be reserved for the use of the provinees Furthermore, it, should be understood that the Central Government will assist such provinces as are 40 circumstanced as to be unable to discharge their own obligations or meet their requirements. The second fundamental principle in the reconstruction of China is better means of intercommunication.
The Lack of Railways "Of course, compared with what used to be 10 or 20 years ago, China is already fortunate in_possession of as many. as 6,000 miles of -railway, and, perhaps 10 words, there are not enough opportunities to go around, Jand the.more. graduates the schools turn out, the greater the problem of unemployment. What our students need most is vocational education— an education which shall enable them to work right after gradustion,
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.