tid them—oneo more exactly a Sieyes voted for the King's (Louis XVI) death—ta morts, sans phrases! 'They butchered the middle class} wholesale: like men noxious vermin in a and fi more quickly than ever did th guillotine: they stood on no many. They wanted no Revolutionary Tribunal, no Fouquier Tin-ville: they cut' them down with [swords and shot them down with automatics, in huge batches, in cold blood. It' would be interesting to} know—what, unfortunately, never} can be known—how many of these} unhappy victims died regretting the} Tear, Hf his authority was despotism, then Kyrie ellison. Lord] have mercy upon ust What was, this? This freedom! Again T ask.were the Tsars, then, the enemies) of the people? Not at'all. For the last century the Tsars have all been men who genuinely desired and! strove for the betterment of their} country but not along the lines of the Liberal programme, in which they put no faith. That was the Nerime" of the murdered Nicholas} TI, And it is for that reason that! he "has been systematically, malignantly, and continuously held up to Liberal Europe as an inhuman monster. 'The question at issue all along has been just thi was for the best interest of Russi '—the Government of the Tsar, t hereditary national authority more! than once in its history demanded by the people of Russia (vide Sir Bernand Pares' "History of Russia," when "Sanat" quotes his: letter) and recognized allover new Liberal always better, Henry Campbell-Bannerman's opinion, than any 00d; government whatever, circumstances. notwithstanding? Time has answered the question exactly as] everyone who knew Russia foresaw]
it would do. The ruin of the answer: just as] or some similar "con-nostrum in India, here in China, or any Eastern country will soon' apply a parallel, by ruining the only authority whose wi will run. The Wilsonian "sel government" will soon reduce them fall to anarchy and dissolution. It has already done' so in China, Russia) has a surface as big as the visible moon: it is a country of villages, of peasants, of vast distances and, impossible communications, an! enormous population plunged isolation, ignorance, and icy night, forests, marshes, mud, and snow. Even had any Dama succeeded establishing itself, replacing the] Tear, it would have been utterly impossible to govern Russia other-ise-than as he did, autocratically: there is no other way. Itis dictated by necessity, To govern Russia is to wear a crown of thorns. One might almost say the same of this country, for China did not, nor does she yet, understand any other form of Government than autocratic Alexander Herzen was. the man who first organised the anti-Tsar campaign, leading, through Bakunin and. Netchaieff, to the Bolsheviks of to-day. No docu. ment shows the psychology _of the party better than Herzen's! amusing memoirs, till we come a quarter of a century later to Dostoleffsky and his Unclean Spirits. Herzen was of a romantic dispose tion and had considerable literary ability, but he was without a particle of political judgment, a deficiency common to all his tribe. It is really curious to see how invariably he charges everything. amiss in Russia, even purely per-Sonal misfortunes, even accidents, even illiterate stupidities, to the Tsar, lays all at his door, makes him " personally responsible for everything, and we never find him giving credit to the Tsar for any. thing that was well. Few indeed fare the Governments of any kind that could stand that acid test, Your correspondent states the I "would never dream of advocating Tsarist autocracy for the rest of the nations of the earth." Perhaps not, but that form of government is the only one to the Russian people and will yet be so for many years to come. Once in about every. 500 years the world produces a superman. It did 90 after the French Revolution in the person of Napoleon Bonaparte and, leaving aside the superman of the Great War, such as Cardinal Mercier, Marshal Foch, and the lamented Lord Kitchener (my ideal soldier), it has produced one man in whose country that political dry rot, which is responsible for the present attempted World Revolution, has been effectively crushed-—that country is Italy, and Mussolini is, the Man.
That the late Tsaritsa, foully done to death by one who was not a Russian, ever said_ the words attributed to her by "Sanat in his letter and who does not, of course, quote his authority for the statement—"Russia loves to feel the whip"—ia a cruel and deliberate lie. Nor did Louis XV, during a famine in France, speculate in grain proved by the articles on the de Famine" (of which I-doubt if "Sanat" has ever even heard) but, nevertheless, rabid revolutionary writers accused the king of doing se. Your -correspondondent 13 so. imbued with bitter hatred of every form of monarchical government that he would accept as authentic. history the atrocious charge of the vile Hébert who, when accusing Marie Antoinette before the Revolutionary Tribunal of obscenities with her son of 11 years old, drew from the queen her immortal protest:—"T appeal to all mothers present and to their consciences to declare whether there is not one who does not shudder at such hor-
Again. In the terrible winter of 1788—1789, it was Louis XVI and this ministers, headed by Necker, who ensured supplies of corn and thwarted the designs of speculators whilst the king, the clergy and nobility, contributed immense sums towards the relief of the famine; the Archbishop of Pariy sold all his plate to feec the prior whilst many bishoyy—pawned their pectoral crosses and episcopal rings to obtain money for the same object. Those histories of the Revolution which "Sanat" would consider to be authentic would not tell him of these things although in his previous letter to you, dated. October 16, he would persuade us firlot only a Believer im rule, but even go a st farther—I Talltve me Diving (Capital "D"" mine) rulership of Kings." What exactly "Sanat" means by this last declaration I am quite unable to understand, Further; did mot that abominably caluminated and excellent ruler, Napoleon HI, save France again from being engulfed by another revolution in 1851? I would advise "Sanat (not Sano)" to read history before again attempting to air publicly his opinions on revolutions, On what line of reasoning does your correspondent assert that Ri putin was a monk because best known and ordinarily called monk." Did that make him one? connection of "quibbling and perversion of facts" because ¥ insist on calling a spade a spade? Let him refer to. "Impressions of Soviet Russia" and on page 286 he will find that Professor Charles Sarolea, of the Faculty of Edinburgh Univer sity and known throughout the world as an authority on Russia, writing of, pat ce wore in able to excuse myself by say! Tien suited choles on Stic' Rept alte Cee fro sur of the Want Japse" written by Sir Bernard Pares salite W Stone Anas Ive Gon of Dana ce tar apenhe. mvrement wid ed la tte fal soci lately tiara Aah Ban de Breese, igo tt "face de rym under the jurisdiction of the Grand fretnds Poco wea ie cee Seyi Ate a see tame Wil Hose on an ete, of wing Gitte odin te talonag sear Spe aft) the wea tented erhany andi he Seah that" Steve? Bois I al nese aad Tag erate asa a itn Sing Par ili ter kono aeteeter ntunrysn Rona See Di amine ler Nite Garence 8 Pecrtre deatinune for nroy yest hae of ie "Dull Reg ins ie ale fan eat ha Cag, Hang, wal Prices Oneal anne ielafe'Stgn of Rae the a ili Chaser on aap Shoe weet Pa Binele eicepiion-cerer nteryered <fend continuing my research down 6
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