The news comes that the Mus-sultans of the countries bordering southeast Russia are in arms against the Soviet and fighting for the liberation of their co-reli-gienists, who have apparently suffered much from Communism. This is an interesting though by no means peculiar turn in the tide of the modern history of Islam. For the past dozen years or so the ambitions of Islam have been made to play into the hands of two sets of politicians, neither renowned for their scruples. First of all, taking advantage of her influence with the young Turk party in Constantinople, Germany used the Pan-Islamic movement for her own purposes during the war, but, failing to realiza certain important facts, found her hopes of a holy war solely against the allies illusory. When after the war Turkey's power seemed to have waned almost to vanishing point, the same Young Turks came under the influence of Moscow, and for a time there seemed every chance that they might unite in an attempt to regain lost territory. Little came of it, except the death of Enver Pasha—or his supposed) death—and with.the renaissance of Turkish armed strength the alliance. vanished from the field of practical poli-
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.