In the South, Canton continued its "hardly veiled opposition Nanking's policy. It was very vocal in the early part of the year in demanding a relentless resistance fo"Jupantand the 'Cantonese' Gov-Samant went sofa as to. race pod of troops ostenably for the Purvete of. sending up an exped Romany. force to. the. North. Ths ambition was baulked by the débécle Ir'dehol and. by: the subsequent fond "of the attitude of the Northern chinese" who came Cire with the apanese. by teams of. a military" truce. at Fangha. For this. result General Butig' Tue who. was sent up 0 Peking under" the auspices of the Ranking: Government in May, was 'The conditions "put forward. by anan wore tml "accopied by the Northern Miltary. Affare Com Beer under General Huan residency' on May. 29 and Pretince Was taken to exist: From fis naturally "developed. oliieal ons. which were referred. to "Towards the middle of November, however; it wan evident Rat' they had reached. the point eating with such ques Feoponing of the Peking-Mukden Tine and aration of the Postal Service. between China and Manehouiuo.. Much mystery" sas maintained concerning them because of the eriticiem levelled against the Government by.n atrong party within the Kucouttan, The Government's Position. was trong. driving. the. greater pact of the year, mainly because no alter: ative combination seemed. to be figzsied Wan Orel kon Indeed, "especially after hia. visit to jehol, that Me. T. V. Soong ras ince with General aay however, Mr. Soong marked to represent Gorerneneat tt the London Economic Conference, the cuteness. of the differences could be conveniently ignored. Mr. Soong left for Europe by way of America on April 17. While in America he had an interview with President} Roosevelt and issued a joint statement regarding the silver policy of the two countries. That statement ind stress' on the need for Hhe ommaneient and stablastion of the price of aliver as the greatest, tneddint of exchange in the East Eva late fovened tat 1U'S.$50,000,000, che commodities be-arranged "commodity joan el ing cotton and wheat. The actual working out of this loan was still)
doubt when the year ended. The loan itself aroused considerable erly in inaneal. cites both it'London' and' Shanghai From March 10 the Government's Jonge announced plan of abolishing the' Tael came Into: force. "Asef of regulations was issued from Nan Aegon Marchand Ite deeded that the Dollar should be: fxd at the total weight of 20.0071" gram mes and should be composed of 88 Bir cent tives ted es sxe Eoppet, thus containing "33 405408 grammes of pure ellvr, The Cen-Fiat Mint ws se-organised expert from Ame:
ca, Mr, Robert J. Grant, was appointed, who took over charge on June 10. Mr, Grant was for-ie] merly a mining. engineer and lately been in charge of the Denver Plant and Mint Organisation Washington. 'The abolition of the 'Tach was received in the markets with a certain amount of relief, and good support by the bankers enabled the new change to be carried into effect without great difficulty. The dollars' frst minted were. recalled owing. to dissatisfaction with the design, and the present design was During Mr. Soong's absence, Mr. Wang Ching-wei and General Chiang Katghek seemed to develop more rapidly the plans fora rapprocke-Tent with Japan and when their colleague. was Feturning in Septem-for it was broadly suggested that his antagonism to Japan might be fatal tothe Government's unity. Japanese papers. were precipitate in urging that Me, Soong. shou jail a the Japanese Foreign Office ft Tokyo on his way back to China. 'Their eridclsms were supported by such arguments that they defeated themselves. Mr, Soong remained on bourd ship and' arrived. in. Chine had been allocated from the revenues the Pekin-Mukden Railway in violation of the agreement with the bondholders. This arrangement was the subject of diplomatic protest and [subsequently abandoned.
In the beginning of August the half-yearly Trade Returns were issued, showing an adverse balance of, $475,000,000.
The withdrawal of the Japanese troops north of the Great Wall was announced in the first week August and the Japanese forces [were engaged in wiping up the irregular forces operating in defiance lof the Nanking Government's orders. Marshal Feng Vu-hsiang's departure from Charhar to 'Taishan, on August 14, helped greatly to clear up the situation, 'On August 15 the Manchoukuo troops occupied Dolonor, and from that time onwards very' little cliff jeulty occurred, thanks to the cooperation established by General Huang Fu, as head of the Peking Council in association with Ho Ying-chin, formerly without having got directly in sh|Chief of Star to the Nanking With Japanese'. official opinion.
Government.
Nevertheless, after a great recep Fokien the Communists. made tion in Shanghai, Mr. Soong seemed considerable. inroads at one time. fo be" working. with his colleagues fsnother during. the year. "They before and it was not suggested
Japanese entente. It test he vias actively opposing. the Besieged "Yensing. for "twenty-four faysrfsom August 28 to Septem! has now be- 20, come evident, however, that is gallant resistance of a small de-bat were defeated i the anxieties over finance were by no tachment of the 19th Route Army.
fan end. The campaign During the year the fortunes despite elaborate. prepara: that Arey varied. It at one time tions by General long Kai-shek, Tost heavily in an attack on the had' not attained the "measure of [Communists and was actually acnecess expected. For Septender 1 cused by its former admirers of \a'big. offensive was ordained. and having been laggard in the fray. the preparations were ona. scale Later' in the year its commanders probably never before. attempted in wore said. to be Airting with the China, The staff organisation, the idea. of setting up an independent neropiane concentration, the has administration. at Foochow, at the fal arrangements, and other details, head of which Mr. Hu Han-min was appea to have been admirably inctasing payment of the troops, to be placed on emergence from his, retirement, in, Hongkong. Re-Jeoneeived. "Two. factors seem. ports of this kind were fundament fave prevented this offensive from ally denied and, indeed,. Nanking Harting on the assigned date, First declared that Mfr! Hu Han-min was welling in their tomed. receipe of pay, were Jon, the point of renewing is. radeship. with General Chiang at altogether favourable. to "the 'As Mr. Hu in had idea of ending a state of things unable to remain in alliance uch seemed to be directly respon-with Sible' for their happy. condition.
General Chen Chi-tang the the Kiangsi's Leader and was in fact residing hongkong with the fullest acquies-Secondly, the Kiangsi Communists, lence of General Chen Chi-tang, who were Ted by Cha Tek, a Whantiwas thought that he would not Iroa trained soldier of no" small upset. the arrangement which seem ability, had their espionage so well fed. to satisfy everybody's conveni-Organised. that. they" weve able to tele the initiative. and considerable On, October 28 Mr. Soong's re-dislocate General Chiang Kai-shek's. signation was announced owing to plans. In one smout alone his inability to enforce a rigid they are we defeated limitation of military expenditure a whole fon his brother-indaw General Except, th ch operations, the ug Kai-shek. This was apface what was virtually a stalemate parently an important change in in Kiangsi, The situation there the Governments personnel, but \ggested, too, that purely "military Dr. H. H. Kung took his place the Joperations would be of little value.
Jchange seemed to lose something The Communists had established a fof its significance. Mfr. Song's Soviet Administration over a very [Pos much speculation, but it, seemed rem: a matter, appreciable part of Southern Kiang" hand. this Administration, under General Chiang Katshek was the rection of 400 Morcow: trained in the saddle, although'
wer was functioning on. Soviet jure against the Communists fines: with the able ce-operation and was losing him support.
Approval of the "Communist. Com-currently supposed that, impressed idvreincGhiets The rule was by: the success of Signor Mussolini, drastic and relentless in its control, General Chiang Kai-shek had been Wavevers or would-be - deserters hoping in the course of the-year to were shot without. mercy and. any turn his. blue shirts into a Fascist inhabitants ofthe "area. giving organisation. Certain assassinarefuge or information to. the: Gov: tions gave fuel to the flame of Crnment troops, were butchered. these speculations, but the conclu These. methods have given. the sion generally drawn was that there Communists 2 very stron ]was no real effort to introduce the Kiangsiy and whatever 1 tron their fortune in. areas where introduction of that word was technique and that the the "vagaries: of warfare made the merely the outcome of the inveterate situation fuluate, they have not confidence of Chinese leaders in the icon shaken in this. administrated Value of a topical catchword. one. "Moreover, their readiness five' ench enemy. soldier $3 and Yenping's Resistance free pass buck to the Government A threatened attack on Foochow Tines. provided. he left his ife by Communists developed at the end behind, was. another fon the a hok's Prank and. fle, facklentally, it maintained the Gomimuniste"™ munitions with ad:
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.