The Ambassador will be responsible to the Ministry, of Foreign Affairs tu diplomatic matters, but only to the Premier and the Emperor administrative matters. Practically Speaking, is position, backed by the Army, will be so strong that he will be virtually independent of Government control. The Army wished him {o be given a title equivalent to Miah Commissioner, but failed to carry this point, Under him will be, as Commander in-Chief, "a Chie of Gendarmerie, who will be, concurrently, Chief of Police, a post hitherto held by a lilian; @ Chief of the General Staff fof the Japanese Army in Manchuria: 8 Chief of Communications, who will be concurrently Chief of the Trae Control Bureat and. so wield large powers as supervisor of the huge South Manchuria Railway with its 7,500 miles of track, and also of the Japan-Manchoukuo Electric Monopoly, with a capital of '¥.90,000,000, which will control telegraphs, telephones, fand all other electrical enterprises in Manchoukuo.
'As Ambassador, he will control Aiplomatic affairs through a Couns cililor, and. administrative affairs through a Chief Administrator. who will supervise the police, including those in the South' Manchuria Raile way zone, and general affairs through the Chief of the General AMaire Bureau in Tokyo addition, a "Manchurian Affairs Bureau, under the direct control of the Premier, will be organized Tokyo. "This innovation has aroused particular criticism as it will be out-Side the control of the Cabinet. The civilian element in Tokyo want the Chairman of the Bureau to be a military man in order that the Army shall bear the brunt of the responsibility for Manchurian policies, with a elvitian vice-chairman. The Army, however, is pressing for a civilian chairman and military vice-chairman the latter will be responsible for the organization and staffing of the Bureau but not responsible for its tion, and navigation are government organizations. Mining, electric power. tobacco, and motor transport' will, Inenceforward, eventually be partially Jowned and solely controlled by the government, which "plans to keep a tight hold on all matters likely to lassist in national defence.
The "Open Door"
Manchoukuo has launched upon 3 ten-year programme of elaborate leconomie expansion, which aims to leomplement Father than to compete with Japan's industries. One of the most important features is the dete iminiation to utilize Manchuria's abundant and cheap man-power rather than to turn immediately to a highly mechanized system requiring the importation of expensive labour-sav~ ling machinery.
This economic programme, under the guiding hand of the Japanese lanny, as already had one inevit-lable result. Foreign firms are fast Nosing their foothold in Manchurian trade and many of them will be ito reed to close down in the near future. Many have already done 30.
The door may be open, as the JSapanese assert, but there are 30 many Japanese in the door-way that tis dificult for anyone else to get through. Nearly half of Manchou-Hkuo's imports come from Japan, which absorbs sixty-four per cent. of IManehuria's exports. Actually, when ther, the door is open or closed, it witl have little influence on foreign rade there. The "Open Door" has mever guaranteed an equal trade but Imerely' an equal opportunity trade. Japan's geographical position lon the very door-step gives her cer tain trade advantages which no West jem. Power can. ever hope to enjoy. un addition, with Japanese capital in lcontrol_ and Japanese products con-Isistently underselling western prod. nets, there is little hope of the rest lot the world sharing Manchoukuo's trade. prosperity.—Reuter.
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.