"This seems to me so elementary as to be unchallengeable, When a family of five or six or more of alt ages live together in one room a few feet square, generally il-lighted and lacking proper ventifation—in house containing several such tamilies—the Whole' place devoid of sanitary arrangements—ean It be expected that the Inhabitants—will grow. up {in full health and bodily vigour? Is ely that in these rooms sun never penetrates, where the air is breathed over and over again, where there Is so little elbow-room that cleanliness as most understand it) is an absolute impossibility—is it not more Mkely that "sickness and ill-health will pass from one member of the household to another? 'That tuber~ ulosis will be, as it is, rampant? 'What happens when one of the family gets sick? Is he sent to the Country Hospital at $12 summer 'Space to himself, because the rest of family can' go. and put. thei straw mat in the alleyway or on the leep there, But in the family. "And when you multiply houses by the hundred, side by ide, solid Blocks of them only separated by narrow alleyways—is that at "all conducive to a high standard of public health?
"Most of you are familiar with at least the outside. of an ordinary Chinese "11" or alleyway house. This the unit In the Chinese housing 1 and it is to this class of that I shall mainly confine to her husband was bound to support his son-in-law. He, therefore, made his widowed sister captive while he took precautions to ensure Shah Jehan's enthronement. [Although the new Emperor displayed the customary ferocity of this line in consolidating his access sion, he showed forbearance to Nur Johan whom he remembered rather population too, but the two sections of the community are divergent in their outlook and that it is impossible in one brief survey, fore, dealing with the more serious problem first, Ten to the Mow "the class of house to which T am for her early care of him. He ordered her release as soon as he ascended the throne in February 1628, provided her with a residence in Lahore and a pension of Rs. 2 lakhs a year. His vengeance on becoming Emperor had included the blinding and subsequent execution of his brother Shahriyar, so Ladili was also a widow. She went to live with her mother who, "never wearing any other colour than white, a sign of perpetual mourning, devoted herself entirely to works of charity." In Lahore Nur Johan passed the remainder of her days. In her husband, Jehangir's tomb at Shahdara near Lahore, she lies buried. The beautiful marble cenotaph with its tessellated flat roof and glistening minarets is set in a wondrous garden. To that shrine women repair in hope of good fortune for their offspring. In that garden with its verdant Quietness and shimmering marble, pleasure seekers find rest and grateful relief from the dust and the glare of the stifing Punjab Capital on the other side of the Ravi. Just as Shahdara reminds them of the great Shah Johan who built the Fort at Lahore, so Jehangir's tomb calls them to remembrance of Nur Johan who lies there too, the woman of her age and, by her achievements, a heroine for all time. referring usually has a frontage of about 12 feet and a depth of about 50 fret. so It covers an area of say 600 square fect. Allowing for alleyways and irregularity in the shape of the lend, they "run about ten fo the mow. If we go into one which has just been built we shall find eomething like this. Passing. through the door in the outer wall we find a small courtyard, "designed to admit certain amount of light and air. From the courtyard one enters the main room which occupies the full width of the building, that is about 12 feet, and it is about 15 foot deep. A. door at the far end leads to a wooden stairway. Sometimes this ascends in one flight to the room above, making it very steep indeed, since, i has to ise, 12 to 14 feet the width of the room and a little space at the foot, Gesigns a turn has. been hot so bad: but it may be said here that no space is ever wasted and at ascending or descending these ways is quite a work of art until one is used to it. Beyond the stairs there a kitchen and a-emall back yard.
Over the large room we first went {into is an upper room of similar size: there is a small back bedroom over the Kitchen, and above this again, an open space used as a drying stage and reached by a steep stair.
"This makes up the "Il" house. water tap in the courtyard is the only suggestion of modern convent ences: sanitary arrangements are otherwise conspicuous by their absence and in the general scheme
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.