In dearing with the novel in Chin: the author asserts that it was never Brains v. ands Marx's socialism emphasized the class struggle, and he was a great exponent. of the "surplus valu theory. He did not, however, subscribe to the socialistic theory' that each worker ought to receive the full Value of his own production, but held hat production was a ce-operative process. and as it was impossible to say how much any individual had produced, the right to the whole produce became a social right of all workers 10 all the product of their combined and ce-operative labour. He also held the somewhat unusual theory for a socialist. that brain production wax the equal in value of manual produce tion, Views on Dictatorship, doctrine of the dictatorship of the proletariat. emphasized by mod ern communists, is directly based on Marx's Theory of State. In his view dictatorship ix the means, whereby the proletariat makes and directs the authority of a new state of its ow It isa necessary instrument for erush~ ing revolution and the establishment of a new order. Once this has been done, however, the need for dictator-Ship disappears. Once the new state ix formed there is no proletariat to be dictated to. AIL classes merge into one, In fact Marxist social like all others, ends in the procla tion of a Utopia. Marx's theories form the basis of nearly all present day advanced socialism and. com= munism, but one only has to look at duced by Karl Marx, and it would be would iconoetastic dictators. A an art and was never s0 considered, nor did any Chinese novelist think of himself as an artist, for in this country art and the novel have always been widely separated. Literature as an art was the exclu: sive property of scholars, and scholars "ignored the people,. the people to whom the novel In China belonged' in' tun iughed "at the scholars. " Scholars long figured in the Chinese novel as a class of whom made. The novel in China itten for the people, and. by authors most of whom, unlike our authors, remained unknown and who saw. thir original creations altered by future generations In order adapt them {0 conditions: then existing. But for the most part the. old Chinese scholar reasoned thus "about 8 novel: perature at, This" booke hanna "gelatin eanee, Therefore: Wis not iterate When Work Was Done In this way the Chinese novel hi never been considered literature, jin such a school, Miss Buck" cot tinues, was she trained. The reason vhy the Chinese novel was written the vernacular was because the people could not read the novel had to be written so that, when it way. aloud. it could be understood by. Persons who could communicate only through spoken words. On holidays and evenings, when the work was paybe the only man capable a village of 200 inhabits ts. would read aloud from. some story. "After a while people took up a collection of pennies, because. the Feader needed tea ty wet his throat, the collections yew he gave up his regular note 10 one of the chaplets of hok, quoted from Michael in, ix interesting, particularly the present time-it is as Follow "res he Germans) will never ree. -rney would Sooner de ihan bel. the sto there were of the sto stock. of history which the written, and with his fertile imagine tion he clothed long-dead gues with mew Mesh ud made then live Three est Sellers Italian Quarterly hundreds of wove three know by "hoy ate "Shih raat. Pee The second Hun Riche" ahs the novels ar the and have long led. nite ives which the Chinese. people leat very well-produced ese, hot ilusirated with unusual graphs, maps, and two pages. of Sapajou's ideas on Marco Polo arrival in China, Outstanding arti-
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Jeles are those on the Moros Population of Mindanao," Mei Lan-f 'Mongolia, Father Matteo Italian armed forces, Japanese econ-comics. 'The issue is concluded—by eight' surveys of recent Talian and Far Eastern events, Far Raster economies and finance, while for poets are two Italian "translations, side with the Chinese, from the works of Tu-fu and Li Po, There are no great_men without ne, and there are no great nations it may almost be added that there would" be no society—without the notion of rights; for what is the con ied together by the bond of force? Atexts po "Tocavevitte,
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.