The following is the translation of a memorial presented to the Throne by an official of the Hanlin Yuan, purporting to be an expression of the views of the Chinese Government with regard to the difficulties arising out of the treaty negotiated with Russia by Ch'ung How, and it is said to have been sent to the Marquis Tseng in London to form the basis of his instructions in his negotiations with the Russian Goyernment at St, Petersburg Chang Chih-tung, a sub-Reader,) begs, rostrated, to make the following must jumble memorial to the Throne in relation to the repudiation of a treaty conclude and in order to devise means for guarding oneself against insults, The petitioner will therefore most humbly take the liberty to point out the injuries caused (by the treaty to China), and to make his most urgent representations—most respectfully hereby Degying His Majesty to deign to give this most humble petition His siered lance.
'Dhe petitioner, perusing the Peking Gazette of the last' days in reference to the treaty with Russia, and to the shameful behaviour of our Ambassador, thereby exposing the honour of our country, found therein an Imperial Decree convoking the high statesmen for consulting thereupon What the petitioner knows about the treaty itself is by hearsay and only a general outline, but even that suffices to rouse his deepest indigna The evil consequences and injuries caused by consenting to or refusing the execution of the treaty in question, the peti now begs most humbly to lay be Majesties the Empresses and His Majesty the Emperor.
Nothing shall be mentioned of the 18 articles of the new treaty in general; but the worst point, namely, the que the overland trade route from kuan,? over Si-an-fu® and Han-chun Hankow, by which the (for Chi important provinces of sin and Lung,5 as 1—She-Tuli, cader of the a sub.
Hanlin Academy. Two are Manchu and three Chinese, Secoudary fifth degree.
2-Kieyi-tuan, FEWREA, the ost westerly gate in the Great Wall, at the end of it, in Kansuh.
B-Si-anfu, BELIE, capital of the province of Shensi; Lat. 34° 17°, Long. 10S 5S'.
4—Han Chung, ce 5 Prefectural city in Shensi, Lat. 32° 53' Long. 107° 12.
5—Ts'in, ZS, and Lung, PB, old historical names for Shensi and Kansuh. well as King and Ts'u,6 and Shang-yeu? are delivered up, deserves particular attention. The number of trading places there will grow up with daily increasing abundance like weeds; nothing more will be kept secret, everything will be known, and while the passes at the frontier are well guarded, the interior of the country is already lost. To refuse the consent to that is the first and most essential point.
Concerning the three Eastern Provinces forming the cradle of the Imperial Family, and Pa-tu-na,? the most important and beautiful place of Kirinl®; should it be allowed (to the Russians) to approach with their ships the last-mentioned place, for then also all the places of the three Eastern provinces will be approachable at their pleasure; the capital will thus be made nearer to them, and China will become more and more divested of its present character. But there is not the slightest reason why she should push herself' back from Sui-fen'! towards the West—a tract of land of 2,000 i. Moreover, as far as the slond navigation on rivers is concerned, all the Governments have already asked for the privilege, without, however, succeed it in getting it.' If this privilege should now be conceded to the Russians, all other nations will follow their example success sively. To refuse consent to that is the seoul point.
That the Government gives up the leryof duties, is for the benefit of the trading classes; should this benefit be now extended to all-the tribes and leagues? of the Inner and Outer Mongolia, the Russians will profit by this advantage for their trade and feel themselves also exempted from the payment of duties. That the trade in the hands of the Chinese will thereby get more and more beggared, is a trifle in comparison to the f sidering that already the Mongols are poor and weak, that the Russians will thereby coil around and fleece them, and that all the enormous expenses of the campaign in Sin-kianz!3 have been made only for the benefit of Russians. Concerning the places in the interior, as Chang-kia-hould and others, where (Russian) firms have established themselves, their number gradually increases and their business becomes mercan *moreextended. If hostilities should now begin, the head and tail, or a space of over 10,000 li, is hereby' connected. Not to agree to such a state of things is the third point, e-Kiany ant vie Tsu, old historical names for Hu-kuang, viz., Hupeh and Bu-
7—Shang Yeu, i ti above tas elbow of ver in Shansi, near Tu Manchurian) Pro-Ririn, and Féng-
9—Pacti-na, AARP Lis, Petuad ties in the north-western pat of Kirin—Lat, 45° 10°
10—Kirin, or Ghirin FEAR, a targe country to the NE, iny-king, horteron the Sea of Japan, and the Gulf of artery.
N—Sui Fen, KRY, a little river dise charging in the bay of Peter the Great, opposite and to the west of Wladivostock.
12—The Banners of the owner Mongolia are divided into which embrace the whole of the 24 tribes (Bf pa) under which they are distributed.
13—The territories of Sungaria, on the north, and of the Mahomedan cities (Hash: gans) om the south, are designated generically as Sin-kiang $51 HA or the New Dominion, BE REA. oF Kalgan, jo large town on the ne of the caravan road. Lat. 40° 51' N., and Long. M215' E. Other places where Russian firms are established are:—Urga, Ili, Tarbagatai and Karun i All the dependencies of China are situated in Inner and Outer Mongolia; the desert of Shamo,}5 several thousand li distant, separates them from the Russians. Should these desire to trespass on the frontier, they will find on the northern side a great many obstructions and difficulties. The mail service in Mongolia is performed by the Mongolians on behalf of Russia; should she increase to the Mongolians the money they receive for it, then, on a day of important events, the despatch of the news will be accelerated, the transport of provisions for her army will find no obstruction, and it will be inevitable that our dependencies will be incited and make for them the leaders on the road, 'To sto) this state of affairs is the fourth point, By the treaty permission is given to the Russians to pass 36 frontier barriers, a line far too long in peaceful times for the merchants, Is that not ridiculous, showing that' the Russians are fooling us? At a time of great events, soldiers will enter thereby, and how shall we then guard ourselves?' To refuse them this stipulation is the fifth point, Yo no merchant whatever is permitted the right of carrying arms, Now, with no reason whatever, the right is conceded to every individual to carry with him a gun, What is the meaning of that? When a multitude, numbering a hundred or thousand of them quite suddenly enters our territory, how can the distinction be made as to who are soldiers and who are merchants? To refuse this right is the sixth point.
As in everything, so also in the question of duties, the Russians think to cunningly evade payment thereof, Should the other nations expect the same concession, the income of the Customs of Hankow will gradually, and year by year, diminish to the extent of several millions, To refuse this concession is the seventh point.
Although in the third year of 'Tung Chih (1864-5) the frontiers of Sin-kiang' were already defined; again, they desire to occupy more of our country and cut us off from the southern portion of the road of the el it cities.18 The actual situation of Si -kiang is thus, that the northern road bare and depopulated, while the southern places are prosperous and populous. (China) has now to receive a stony and arid soil, and for it vives up th" fertile and rich svil, and all this for a visionary fame, but in reality to cause misery. This is a reason for refusing the eighth point.
At li]? Tarbayatai,!8 Khobdo,19 Uliasutai, Kashgar, Uromtsi,!t Kuché,22 Turfan,23 Hami, and all the other places be-youd the Kia-vii-nan, Consular establishments are to be allowed; thus the whole frontier region of the western cities will be entirely under their control. 'The presence officials will bring also foreign Customs' establishments; these, whenestablished, will receive (for protection) foreign soldiers. Thus the power heretofore wielded by us will be at once usurped, 80 that we shall be the guests and they the hosts; they will have at those places their authorities, while we shall be without any 15—Shamo, LPL, the desert of Gobi.
16—The eight cities are gar, Kharas shar, Kuebé, Aksu, Khoteu, Ham, Ush and for Kuldja.
18—Yarbayatai or Tashtava, an important 2 frontier of li, in kobdo, lies in the N, W, of "47° 30'N., and Long, 85° 30 \—Cliasut'ai, lying "NW. of the Selenga —Trwmtsi, a town in Sungaria, now me cluded in Kansul, Lat, 43° 45° N., and og. $9 E.
2 icho, large garrisoned town in Lat. 82°55. veluded in Kaneah, on of the Great Desert, in Lat. 49° 40N., and Long, 90° 48°
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.