Mx, Lyall said that he was doing' a very risky thing, in fact apt to think it was foch laitempt to speak on the subject which hnd een chosen.
fam not a practised speake said Mr. Lyall, "and can only speak fon subject which has occupied ard occupies my mind, a subject which, T think, is uppermost in all mind fat the present time. In one way, China is very far aheed of Europe. The xaces and inhabitants of Chins are all related as the races and inhabitants of Europe are. Ths civilization is one in origin just as there are in Europe two, T do not think, that the Cantonese is us closely related to the the Ttatin is to the English, brt the Chinese have united into one empire which has stood for mora thai 1,000 years. Europe hus never reached that stage and, oven if it!
Europe could not. governed us a centralized state, same applies to China, Yuan Shih-kai's Failure "The cause of the Revolution wa Because the Peking Government tried to monopolize all the power, and the provinces wanted autonomy Yuan Shih-lni failed conspicuous! to centralize the country ky force and mary much smaller men have since tried without success. Tt is hard to seo how they can succec: where such a strong man as Yuen Shih-kai has failed. China will never be rovnited by force. I do not mean that armies will form no part in the unification of the coun tay, but I think that. big armies will not do it. Diseiplined armies will. An impression I gained when T was in Peking was that, since Feng Vu-hsiang took a hand there, all. the coolies wanted to see hi soldiers back. It is doubtful wheth: they had any sympathy for hi political ideals, but all that wanted was to have peace and to be loft alone, Feng and his men did that for them but the poor! coylies Were not s0 fortunate under Teng's sueeeszors, who robbed them their property and constantly wiclested their Womenfolk. Tt was awmeured, and generally believed in Peling—though I cannot vouch for its Veracity—that_the troops who took the place of Feng's men in the villages insisted on decent wives ad daughters serving them naked. I: shows what a reputation in Peking these have ud how they area danger and an enemy: to the people"
Turning to the subject of progress in China, Mr. Lyall said that, if there was to be a real revolution, now men must be found. Tt_wap wre changing the government i The heads of the government were tot changed. The offals of the Repoblie afar the Rerolution were tfcnls of the old regime and they fad old ideas which hey retained. Torday this was not so," The leading tuan of Ching, Chang oe-in, Feng Porhseng, Sun Chuang and hang Kesher, were men who had risen from the people, men who had Sharector and Abily and men who Wore able, to introduce "changes there must be new mon The English and Chinese There ware many people, ths speatee continued, who complained tercestclly and most unffry th hey, could. not vanderstaed the Chinese. It way difeut to under Stand anybody else thoroughly if one Signet untatand. the "language. {le himeelf found no afcaty whet: over in understanding the Chines, trid if was quite as easy for Tnlishman "to. wndorstand " the Chinese a_i wan to understand the Frenchman. "There wae erect estimated. "It was customary to think of the students as half-baked boys who should be whipped and] see fo iba The chines nee Ghants did not play a large part Ehinene polities, the speaker cortinued, because they were rich and] Shiety' occupied in looking after themselves. Te was not surprising that they were content "to live in fumfort and their actions had little or no influence with the Chinese Government or with public opinion. The Tasiuns tore of no consequence fand did not matter" mach. They were here to-day they were gone, so. their infucnce was slight. Tt-was, therefore, the students ani the people that mattered. True, they wera. young and Sometimes advise. Trey were often Undieiplined and unteasonabl When it was concrived that they sometimes were in the wrong, their methods to get their own back had} been even Uacerupalcus. But_ the students were unselfish and patriotic, aid Mr, Lyall, and they should be given credit for it.
If we are to do business in China, teal in common between the Eaptish ichoves na to get on with them, tso the her prin Gore me] Possible if we make up our deep levee of hour, thre were]
tathieal siowy are vor sol ae Set ous Oe Sank make up our carrying of logic to the extreme, both both China but they want to exchange lo not want anything from) rare cat for evmpromise, vere was thee they want to exshanee an, but there wat Go business peaceful.
"It ie the these things they were alike, coe People with "whom they must Iwas no reason why the Englishman iM:@ Tate contact and the "people onl contact people only cat seem Sune one eek poet The with the claim that they could not Sone in bringing about a understand the Chinese, some seid Coney and. friendlier understanding that "Chineye understand any fr<2" ity the: Chinese Deopte, which will is, said truth. All knew how untrue this, result - benefit for the two people Mr, Lyall, was wanting Wi the
"The. Chinese Tarifts and Treaties were content to be friendly, and Mr, Lyall went on to mention Foreigners, should not stand. t00 that he had been a snember of two severely on their rights, even if these) Teri Conferences, in recent years, were quite just. man could not do business An overbearing The~ merchants brought forward
Take, for "instance, the servant] bondar ete, but he pemneed "oat China he grievances, such as drawbacks, With kindness and consideration the! them unat these were matters for rrvant would be good, But, with (the commission on the ritision of vetbenring easter, the' servant treaties "e' tees "Meassieneat vould naturally be bad and the over- eer that mone' of these questions bearing master would not always hac Leen valved at the conference have his own way (laughter). The] in Peking. Certain persons had lent servant always had something up his) money, on little security, to the Pesleave to dish his master if he ws! king politicians and they were' con. not treated fairly. "And yet, Hot'tent in trying to wet their pound of untrue these allegations were of the! och back gilt edged surg millions of men they did not know-land' if' they" did, "he did' not The Chinese were educated in the! think that it would tend to raise the {same way, according to the Chinese foreigners in' the estimation of claseles, for more Shan 3,000 years Chinero public opinion. Good-will [ho the via of their ement had ould be tured into haired Been repeated and it was asserted that "might Was ion Up treaties and. treaty vights. over and over again "fe, vall then turned his atte not right."
'This was a rule observed t¢ these worked to-day, he said, it by all, excepting Yuan Shit-kal, who! yas not on account of' the wisdom believed thoroughly in the rule that Of" allose "who drew them. up bu right vas right. responsible, more than any other o/ey on account of the Yuan was solely on account of the great desire great desire man for the state of affairs in China Ar to-caxon race and the Chinese, today. The Chinese did not admire' Sut there should be a Limit oth Riy ETE wise friction would be greater. and prepared aimays to compromise, greater and the wheels to closer]
Mr. Rodney Gilbert farnieny would be clogged. Take Among the minor matters which, the Customs dayses of the treaties, had done great harm to Anglo-\be said. There were drawn up in \Chinese relations had been the the days of the sailing ships and publication of Rodney Gilbert's were impracticable to-day. There \book "What's Wrong with China." ought to be revision lock, stock, and Mr. Lyall understood that Me barrel. The treaties were drawn up Gilbert was a clever man, who ness in the days when a few white men the Chinese well. His friends had were huddled together in the Settieoften said that everything Mr ments, which they never left. Tke Gilbert had said was true. He did people who then left the Settlements not doubt them, but truth did aland went into the interior were th great deal of harm at times. Tae|who could look after themselves javeater the truth, the greater the without the use of the treaties. Now. harm. Mr. Lyall then proceeded to! Settlements were spreading brut give a few ilistrstions, and the country like measles, and there|Ix chance oF pressed the hope that Dis, Rosey were thousands of people travel Bitbert's book, after a few years, in the interior who knew nothing' westd Ge out of print and forgotten shout the Chinese. In consequence Unother thing "which had dare of this the Chi indite harm to their relations Sich hina' andthe' Chinese people was Sir Rober: Hart had well said the Znglish proes and the spit 25 years ago that the treaties ought [which their comments writen, much to he abolished altogether. The! lin the stele of Rodney Gilbert' book speaker thoroughly agreed with Lyall realized. that it was the this, bat conditions in China were business of the English press to find jehanged ani Mr. Lyall thyoght that out news, ete, in China, but he|thcre was now plenty of room for
should be more discreet. It was|and the Chinese, and lis hoped this thought that "aliens in this land revision between the foreign extremely desirable that articles would be dare, should be written in such a way that "I have spoken with perfect frank they did not offend the Chinese. It) ness," concluded Mr. Lyall, "and was not easy: to sce what could Le|what I have said binds nobody. done, but he world make one|am neither British nor Chines> Wa practical suggestion, and that wes official nor am I a British merchant Mr. that foreign papers published. in or missionary.
China should be published in-the{and have said what I think'
'Tribute to Six Years' Hard Work by U. 8. Consul-General Now on Leave A farewell tiffin was tendered Mz, E. S. Canninghom, American Corsul-General cud Senior Consul on Monday at the American Club by the American Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Cumingbam lof: on Tuesday for America, expecting to be on short leave for about five months.
There were about 125 persons! present at the tiffin, including mem
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.