'The demand for water has during the last 20 years increased in the International Settlement from 17 to 44 million gallons per day; this is caused by the increase in' popula-ion and also by the consumption er capita having more than doubled. 'A similar increase has occurred in the French Concession and in the districts supplied by the two Chinese companies.
The high cost of land has renderced it necessary to replace natural settling tanks by coagulating basins and profiters, and rapid filters are replacing slow sand beds at all four plants.
Notwithstanding increasing. poilu tion of the Huangpu, the standard of quality attained in the Settlement das been exceedingly high and has, for the past two years, excelled tha obtained by London or required by the most exacting authority in America, The pumping plant required for {the supply of the Settlement is now 4,800 H. P. as compared with 1,400] H. P. 20 years ago; this plant in-eludes steam, suction gas and Diesel engines as well as electric motors.
The French Waterworks are gradually replacing steam engines} by electric motors, as is one of the Chinese companies.
The Waterworks Ca. have just placed an order for a vertical triple expansion pumping engine witha jeapacity of 600,000 gallons per hour, tubular boilers for a pressure 250 Ib. per square inch and auxiliary machinery, all of which represent the latest waterworks practice.
Water mains have now attained a diameter of 40 inches, a new type of fire hydrant designed in Shanghai for local requirements has been' introduced, and in the conveyance' of water to consumers we can bear comparison with any Home undertaking.
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.