Mr. Hi. A. Livingstone, manager of the Shanghai' Dockyards, Lid, died at the Country Hospital, on Sept, 28, iter an illness of eight weeks tion. He came to the Far East only a year ago last May, but in that shor! while he established himself amongst hhis associates both as an able engineer and a most charming man socially.
Mr. Livingstone formerly was a partner in Messrs, To combat typhoid, dysentery, and other bowel diseases Dr. Wu suggests that a campaign, similar to. that Jaunched against cholera, be carried out, With this end in view he proposes replacing the present Central Cholera Bureau by a Joint Summer Possible. In view of the success which has so far attended the cameign against cholera, it might be advisable to expand the work of the Bureau so as (0 include other bowel diseases like typhoid, - dysentery, According to Gen. Huang, who recently completed his peace mission in Kwangsi, the conditions in Kwangsi have returned to normal and rehabilitation measures are now under way. He confirmed a previous report that Gen. Pai Chung-
Disease Bureau and aim for a heal-their" Shanghai. His bulletin,—in which he sets out these ideas, follows.
Two and half months have passed since the publication of the last Bul-John (uly 18). During this period various forms of castro-enteritis, etc.
The causes and methods of prevention of these infections run slong more or less similar lines. I. feel that what has been accomplished in the case of cholera could also be hsi has consented to proceed to Nanking to assume his" duties as member of the Military Affairs Commission as a result of persuasion by Gen. Chiang Kai-shek, President of the Executive Yuan, Dr, Wei told local pressmen that although a close watch has been made over every case of gastro-enter itis admitted into hospital, not one of authentic cholera has been dia-mosed either in Shanghai or any other port of China. The disease is not likely to appear this year.
The year 1936 may therefore be called the fourth consecutive cholera-free year (with the exception of a few sporadic cases in 1934), although for some time past it has been considered by many health authorities 5 a critical one, Several reasons have been given for this happy stale affairs, and among them may be mentioned greater health-conscious ness among the masses, more extensive pure water-supply, more successful Propaganda and public health measures by municipal and other organizations, diminished incidence cholera in neighbouring endemic centres and continued intensive anti= cholera vaccination, It may be that the above points have contributed more or less. to the result, but {wo facts appear clearly:
The Importance of ce-operation and tempered publicity In health: matters.
'The need of disregarding the common view that "Shanghai fs an' endemic centre of choler Apart from the value of prophylactic Inoculation, Isboratory investiga tions have tended to prove the negilble part played by human carriers in the onlgin and spread of cholera, This is In direct contradiction to another serious bowel disease, namely typhoid, where the healthy carrier is 8 most dangerous person and should ye protected against, The past two summers, 1935-6 have been characterized by fairly high temperature (Max. 1008 degrees F.) with very high humidity in contrast fo the summer of 1934 when the temperature reached a record of 1044 degrees F. (Max. with a comparatively low' humidity, Although the meteorological data' appeared favourable for cholera in 1030 us judged by Indian experience, we have been fortunate in China in "being cutiely free from the Infection, However, if cholera has been absent in Shanghai and other coastal cities, there has been a marked prevalence of other bowel diseases like dysentery and typhoid. 'The letter has been particularly' severe. In Shanghai, Swatow, Amoy, and Canton, recently visited by me, the death rate has been considerable. The 1935-1036 gures for Shanghai, par= ticularly high in July and August, are as follows:
Enterle Fever Dysentery Cases Deaths Cates Death, 1995 Jon-Aug, m3 4065 1908 Jon-Aug. Ao HO MDB
The value of anti-typhoid macula tion is abundantly proved by the comparative absence of the disease among Chinese troops who receive eomputsory vaccination, Anti-cholera inoculation figures kindly supplied by the health authorities are as follows:—
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.