Shanghai, June 13, Seldom,—almost never—does the! mood of Russians in present Russia coincide with that of Russians in emigration, One such instance arose recently, however, when both. the USS. and emigration gave wide publicity to the 125th anniversary of the death of Field Marshal Prince! Mihail Kutuzoff, one of the most famous of Russia's military Teaders, Napoleon counted Kuluzof his! most dangerous enemy. When the Emperor of Franco learned of the appointment of the already aged Field Marshal to the commanding Best of the Russian armies opposing him, "he exclaimed. venomously, "That old northern fox!" Kutuzoff, fon being told of this, said, "Dit try to prove to the great General that he is right" Tt is also reported that shortly" after his appointment, Kutuzom declared in a conversation with one of his relatives, "Rout Napoleon? No, But trick' him—I hope so."
The acute mind, organizing abi ities, military talent, obduracy and stamina of Kutuzoff made it possible! for him to inflict a decisive. defeat upon Napoleon and end the invasion of Russia by. the raging Corsican's huge Grand) Army—an army that} reached as far as Moscow only to Anally straggle out of Russia, sadly depleted and a ghost of its former self, ikhail_ Marionovitch Kutuzoft was a pupil of Generalissimo Prince A.V, Suvorov, the greatest Russian general of all time, who throughout huis long life did not once taste defeat, who carried out his legendary] crossing of the Alps, and who wa: given the title of Prince of Italy for his victories against Napoleon in that country. When under Suvorov, Kutuzoff took part in the brilliant siege of Ismail, the strongest of Turkish fortresses, 26,000 Turks, were killed and 9,000 taken captive, while the Russian forees totalled only 30,000. At one of the battle's critical moments Kutuzof sent} Suvorov a message telling of the asperate position of his column, The zeply he received congratulated him for being just appointed Commandant of Ismail. After the occupation of the fortress Kutuzoff inquired as to the meaning of his appointment at a time when the outcome of the bat hung on the turn of a die, Suvorov answered him in his typical vein, "Suvoroy knows Kutuzoft, Xutuzoff knows Suvorov. Suvorov was certain that Kutuzoff would be in Ismail, while if Ismail were not taken, Suvorov would die under its walls and s0 would Kutuzoft."
Caution and Cunning features of Kutuzof's military. genius were tlousness and cunning. His cautiousness, however, was not the result of indecisiveness' (on the eéntrary, he often gave examples of high valour to his troops) but that born of a sane understanding of the situation.—He could act decisively, but only when he was sure that this would have victorious results, His cautious teeties conserved him his armies and gave him victories with Uttle losses, Xutuzofl realized full well that the main thing was the preservation of the army, so that at the critical moment when the fate of the whole campaittn is to be decided, this army Would be stronger than that of the enemy and would thus ensure vie~ tory, Tu 1005 Kutuzoft was sent to help Auxtria against Napoleon. The Austrian High Command required Kutuzoff that he contest the advance of the outnumbering French armies almost every foot of the way, Fore-secing the impossibility, of a victory against the French in open battle, Kutuzolt "suggested to. Emperor Franz the surrender of Vienna and the subsequent gradual working! across to the left bank of the Danube, where—without letting the enemy, follow, forces could be collected and the campaign against the victorious Napoleon resumed, Here was a typically "kutuzoffsky" line of action the surrender of the secondary for the primary, the cession of Vienna in order to concentrate. the full Strength and save the army. This plan, however, did not appeal to the Austrians, In' the battle of Schoen-graben the Russian rear-guard of 6.000 under Gen, Bagration stemmed for a whole day the attacks of the 25,000 strong French army, covering the retreat of the Austro-Russian forces, Afler that Bagration managed to break through the enemy closing in around him and, having lost 3,000 of his men, join Kutuzoft, Turkish Operations Kautuzof's achievements in the war with Turkey in 1811 are also of terest. After, defeating the Turkish army under the walls of Ruschuk, Kutuzoff crossed to the left bank of the Danube, The aim of this! manceuvre was to induce the Turks to cross the-river also, where they could be cut off from the home base and annihilated. Kutuzoff wanted to make it" appear that the. Russian armies had achieved their victory at great cost—and everything eventuate ed.according to plan. The Turkish High Command fell into the top. Completely surrounded by Russians fon the left bank of the Danube, the 36,000-strong Turkish army laid down arms.
In the war of 1812 against Napoleon, when the very existence of Russia as an independent state was threatened, Kutuzoff accepted full military command at the most dim-ult moment. The army was retreating. Napoleon was. advancing inexorably to Moscow—his dream. To the army and the people the paine of Kutuzoff meant the change of tactics to determined advance—yet Kutuzoff gave the order to re-rear, Only at Borodine, 95 kilometres: from Moscow, did he give battle, showing that the Russians had not lost the power of resistance and that the French would become the victims of Russia's spaces. Kutuzoft retreated further—gave Moscow to the.enemy—and another. month brought the realization of his plans, Napoleon himself quitted Moscow—hhis dream which may have become his grave." But the story Nopoleon's invasion of Russia and the fatal results it had on the great Emperor are well-known to all, Russian Relief The National Committee has issued the accounts of its help to victims of last year's military events in nghai. The total meals given to refugees from Hon Kew and Wayside exceeds 100,000, with 11,000 issued in the month of April alone. At present 300 meals fare being doled out daily. Throughout its existence, the Committee's, refugee camp has accommodated, 1018 Russians. In May the International Red Cross assigned the Ni tional Committee the sum of $1,700, and only recently information "has been received from the local representative of the League of tions that in answer to the Cor mittee's appeal, $3,500 will be donat-_ ed by that body. As the premises of the Russian Club, where the camp at present situated, must be clear ed of refugees, and as there are no other empty premises in the city, it is being attempted to secure a plot. of ground where special barracks could be built. The question of summer activities for children is no small problem, A summer camp, like that of last year's in Tsingtao, is present, impossible. It is however, that from time to time children' will be taken on pieni¢s outside the city.
spite of the considerable rise in prices and increase of unemployment in the Russian colony, criminality during the past year did not, os evidenced from several reports, in~ crease. Throughout the year no Russians were brought before the court on major charges like murder or armed robbery. The usual crimes consisted of petty larceny or minor speculation, with the majority motivated by acute poverty or hunger. It 1s significant that the number of drug-addicts has lately decreased. Among civil eases, most deal with debts over, rooms "or compradore "pass-books." There are also cases of landlords demanding the departure of Russian lodgers even when the latter had not defaulted on their. payment but had reached the end of their contract. This is done with the aim Of not only letting rooms out at higher rates to others, but of also receiving the so-called "key money." The court is forced to stand on the side of the landlords, as they are legally in the right. But there are eases when the court takes into consideration the desperate position of the lodger and does not insist upon Ihis leaving his present premises immediately. As regards divorce cases, last year brought an even greater number than is usual. The Chinese Court not only divorces Russians but even unites them in civil marriage.
Russian Medical Society The last meeting of the Russian Medical Society was devoted to the Imemory of the recently deceased Dr.
I. Albinsky, with Dr. A. V. Tane, ately returned from Europe, in the chair. Prior to the commencement of the meeting, the latter was wel-gemed by Dr. I. E. Rozenzwelg. Dr. B. 1. Iasinsky then read a short obittiary enumerating Dr. Albinsky's sclentifc works, and described, the Jdeceased as a highly talented doctor' Jand a warm human' being. Dr. Rozenzweig next gave a short account of the duration of Dr. Albinsky's illness, after which Dr. Iasinsky read 3 Jpaper composed by the deceased on "The question of foreign matter in the abdominal regions." "This paper
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.