Unified System Under S.
MIR. and Newly Acquired C.E.R.: Economic and Political Advantages The formal signing of the Chinese astern Railway transfer Agreement between Soviet Russia and Manchou-no, took place at Tokyo on March 23, "1035, "Immediately afterwards, another agreement was reached between Manchoukuo andthe South Manchuria Railway Company provid. ing that the railway company will manage the Chinese Eastern Railway (now renamed the North Manchuria Railway). As all Manchoukuo railways are now managed by the South Manchuria Railway Company this brings the railways under a single system, which will increase the technical and economic efficiency of with each other, and new equipment and rolling stock give greater speed. In due time, the tracks of the former Chinese Eastern Railway, which are of broad gauge, will be changed to the standard gauge, and when completed, the efficiency of this railway will greally increase, as freight can be carried to its destination without, changing cars. Many other _improvements have been planned which sre_ too numerous to be mentioned The following ore railway lines now in operation in Manchoukuo:—
Dairen-Hsinking Dairen-Ryojun The total mileage of the railways now in operation in Marehoukuo Is Suchiatun-Antung 208
SMR ess, 0 Mianchou "Siaie "R, 3360 S14 Private Mukden-Kisin "as Shaho-Hstan so 'The length of projected railway extensions is figured at 1404 miles, thereby increasing the total length of oilways in' Manchoukuo to 5.846 miles oF 9,428 kilometres. Estimating the area of Manchoukuo at. 1,400,000 square kilometres and the mileage of the existing railways at 7,163. kilometres, the ratio of railway mileage to land area would be approximately one-half of a kilometre to every 100 Square kilometres of land.
'A comparison is made of other counties (in kilometres): Soviet 4, Manchoukuo 8, Canada.7, United States 54, Japan Proper France 79, Great Britain 124 and Germany 125, In Manchoukuo, the railway mileage to population is approximately 22 kilometres to every 10,000 persons. A comparison is made of other countries (in kilometres): China 3, India 1.9, Manchoukuo 22, Japan 32, Soviet Russia 5.2, Great Britain 7A, Germany 9.1, France 105, United States 943° and Canada 632: needless to add that railways in "Manchowicuo, as in other countries, can be used for national defence in time of need, and like railways in most nations, these play a far more Important role economic~ ally.
The Economic Factor oH
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Noho-Ningnien wa)
"The following tines are "under con chuan-Jehol, Ssupingkal-Hislan, Chie Halunerhshan, -Ningpel-hlamussu, and Linkou Bishan, Note: By special agreement with the chosen (Korean) "Government-General, the South Manchuria." Railway Ca. manages the Seishin-Yuki line which 1) constructed on Korean soil.
Banditry and tis Incidence From experiences gained by the South Manchuria Railway, it has been found that bandits have committed most frequent attacks on villages away from the railways. Railway molestation by bandits on. the South Manchuria and Manchoukuo government lines have been fow in the past two years although the former" Chinese " Eastern Railway suffered badly at the hands of bandits, especially' the eastern section of this railway. Improved efficiency on the existing lines and the construction of new railway lines will force bandits to seek safer havens, In Manchoukuo, this is especially' true, as the land is comparatively now' to agricultural development. Some new industrial developments have taken place, mainly in the opening of new. mines containing coal, iron and gold. Little is known regarding the potential wealth of northern Manchoukuo and investiga-tons are being carried out by the economic department of the South tion. with the Manchoukuo gavel ment. Railway expansion and pri ures serve as the gauge of country's development and. the am: bition of Manchoukuo to-day is th construction of more railway though some of them may not yet pay as business investments, for Instance, the Pelan-Heiho line. Manchoukuo thinks of the future, and Fecognizes the economic necessity of such lines, however, and a plan ig under study now to sands of poor farmers in Jehol prov-Inge, Who have little or no land, to the fields in the north, close where this line runs.
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.