For over half a century this place has been known to the world as: Newchwang or "Cattle Farm" The 'regime is correcting this, and mail, addressed to Newchwang {s apt to go astray, since the addressee Will probably be unknown in the actual town of Newchwang. Some foreigners describe the town upriver as old Newchwang, but this is an Imaginary term. The recent ten dency was indicated by a notice, put out by an important Japanese concern, to the effect, that their Newchwang agency had now become their "Yingkow branch.
'The non-Japanese community now numbers only about three dozen persons. he foreign Race Club, whose wonderful hospitality will be recalled by foreign residente of the northern towns "who were lucky' enough to attend meetings here ten, oF more years' ago, 1s no more. American, British, "German and Russian "Consuls are no longer stationed here. "Japan closed her consulate recently, the river during the spring and in the adjacent marshes during the autumn still afford many a good bag; seven or eight brace in two or three hours are readily obtainable.
'After the 'Treaty of. Portsmouth, 'September 5, 1905, Japan began: the development' of the new port of Dairen, The railway line from Changchun to Port Arthur was made fo terminate at Dalny, now Dairen. In 1907 Dairen became a free port. The total trade of Manchuria then was Hk, Ts. $2,000,000. Twenty-two years later this port handled over Hk, is. 500,000,000 of trade. Manchuria's total trade "had expanded more than sixteen times, and Dairen's share was two-thirds of that total.
China was bound not to construct any main line in the neighbourhood and parallel to the South Manchuria Railway, or any branch line which' might be prejudicial to the Interests of the South Manchuria Railway. Disputes concerning the Hsinmintun-Fakumen Railway Concession—to British nations and the Chinchow-Aigun Railway Concession to Americans occurred at this period (1907- 1910), Japan objected to them asserting that they violated the provisions of protocol attached to the Peking Treaty of 1905.
Treaty of 1915
In 1915 the Japanese Army was occupying the railway from Tsingtao Tainan and refused to withdraw. China" proclaimed independent vocation of that war. zone Japan objected to this and taking advantage the fact that all other interested Powers were too deeply involved In Burope to devote much attention to the matter proceeded to negotiate with the: Peking Government. and rear or the Treaty respecting South Manchuria and. Eastern Lune aly, OF a
Mongolia, The Peking Government, by Notes exchanged, agreed. to cer-fain of the famous 21 Demands, The first of these extended the. 'South Manchuria Railway lease to 99 years 'The fifth gave preference to Japanese capital and the seventh, to Japanese Sdvisors. 'China hoped to counter set the rapidly growing influence of the South Manchuria 'Railway and. had factually' constructed lines on both sides of this system, unt, as: explo fed in private conversation, at Peking, argo could be brought from 'Man choull as far as from Mankow without Using the SMR. link. 'The competi tion' with the Japanese me was rendered more acute by the fall in the sliver market, og a list of recelpis and profits will show:
Yingkow is much nearer the famous Fushun Mines than any other port but until arrangements for Keeping the river open during the freezing season have been proven to be practical, trade here must be handi~ capped." Last year the total trade of the port amounted to ¥.71,000,000 poor showing compared to the 10,000,000 in 1011. There are many recent signs of improvement though these are off-set by the number of Chinese concerns which had to close their doors during the past winter,
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.