In the presence of many friends a funeral service was held' on August the Chapel of the International Funeral Directors, 207 Kiaoghow Road, for the late Mrs, Chang Yap-shee, wife of Dr. H. C,: Chang, with the Rev. N, P, Tsu of the Church of Our Saviour officiating. Mrs, Chang died at her home on Edinburgh Road last Tuesday after a long illness al the age of 71 years. Interment took place at the Hungjao Road Cemetery where Pastor Tsu conducted the last ites, The casket upon which rested a large cross of flowers from the family was carried to. the graveside by Drs. Edwin Kam, C. C, Ling, U. K. Koo, XX. C. Sun, I. S, Kau and tr, Chang Chou.
Tt may seem strange with what rapt attention and even anxiety Rus-slams watch the turn of events, the "North. Groups quickly' gather in' front of the offices of Rus sion "newspapers, crowding around {he hand written posters: which baldly Set forth latest. developments, and eagerly discuss the possibility of this for the other, "Such interest to. the Guestion—wili there bea war or not S"explained not by. some Russian rretlonal preference of war to peace, but by the fact that in the past Afteen [years Shanghai Russians have dug themselves in so well with their own enterprises and concerns that war to-Gay threatens not only' themselves snd their families, but also their businesses, most of which have suc [ceeded through very hard work, That Wwar should break out at this" time would be all the more regrettable as T'was only in the beginning of this gear that the Russian colony felt passing of the depression "in Ehanghat and began to breathe mere easily.
Tu the spring of this year many merchants left for Japan, America and. Paris for merchandise; many ovstibg ata extending Weir premises rore plunged into a. process of re-
Sil in order to mest the coming mutuma trade, as the Russians 50 with all guns" Others hed simple hope that with the extra money made this year they could rest and. gather furiller energy Ino Summer resort, but to all this there may now be put. tragic end. The Mock of goods. carried. by stores. Eruaily not large and needs frequent Yeplenishment, and. the slightest clay, in this' at once threatens. the Cancer with many. inconveniences. Credit is also very limited, and the nnioney for the turnover is borrowed for sort terms at high rates of per~ centage. Russian clientele fe quick to Sent unfavourable political changes se that even the smallest of irre-{Gularities Jy enough 10 throw out of Srder or even pitt out of condition the emelent but at all times extromely. fragile "mechanism of emigrant ade and pelty-industry, Russian Traders Ruselan merchants trade chiefly in haberdashery and articles of men's or women's dress. Then, in order predominance, go shops of ready~ ade or, made-lororder clothes, fur stores, shops dealing in the me varied foodstuffs, an enormous num-Yer of confectionaries and baker—ail" belonging to" or exclusively. staffed by Russians. Russians have shown themselves at their best in the manufacturing and repairing of hoes, and in the dairy business, They' also distill vodka, produce mineral waters, brew kvass, make ice-cream, have scores of pharmacies scattered throughout Shanghai. Rus sian salons of ladies' fashions deser~ vodly enjoy a reputation of being the best inthe city; Russians hat their musleshops, shops for the sel Jing and repairing of radios, workshops of locksmiths, carpenters and mechanics; garages, factories for the making of paints,' cigarettes, tinned foods." Russians make jam, salted vogelables and fruits, smoked fish, 'Sausages; by. their own special method they' salt and smoke ham, they tan skins, with the help of the Chinese. they "have organized. their own small. mints which turn out articles of gold and silver; Russians draw thons, make wax-candles, wafers and all the other necessary Paraphernalia of the Orthodox church; they hew their own gravestones. and monuments, have their own funeral bureaux, are famed in the eld of floriculture, main~ tain "hospitals for animals, have scores if barber-shops—in short there no breach of any artisan or factory labour in which Russians have not made use of their Knowledge, experience and energy.
'The most remarkable phase of this that very often Russians have to compete by, so to speak, hand-made niethods with the richest foreign enterprises equipped with. the. most modern methods, and having excel Tent distributing' organizations, But still Russians do not give up. They Struggle on, and if they do no actual-conquer' competition, they do live their business.
Many Printers Many foreigners and many foreign ofoes now give their books to be bound by Russians in spite of the fact that Chinese labour costs. con-Siderably less. International Shanghat can hardly know that there.are tp to twenty Russian printing plants in the city which turn -out news-apers, magazines, books and even textbooks for local Russian schools.
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.