By next Sunday'the German invasion of Russia will be exactly four weeks old, and itis becoming more avnarent that the stubborn manner in which the Russians are fighting has had the effect of considerably slowing down the German advance. The much vaunted opening of the second offensive a few days ago is not heard so much of now, and the German high command continues to report that matters are proceeding according to plan. It seems content to leave the boasting to the propaganda company of the Deutsche Nachrichten Bureau which is responsible for most of the flamboyant declarations as to the progress achieved by the German armies. The German advance on Leninerad is continuing, though even here the Russians are managing to make it difficult for them, while it is reported that even if the Germans should reach that city its in a position to withstand a long-drawn-*out siege, probably the last thing which the invaders would desire in view of the approach of winter.
In the middle of the long line stretching from the Arctic to the Black Sea, the German vanguard appears to be progressing towards Smolensk with the Russians counter attacking both flanks in the Vitebsk and Mogilev areas, This district north of the Pripet marshes is the second major battlefield in this struggle and should the Germans succeed in reaching Smolensk the way would be oven for an advance upon Moscow though, Should the Russians succeed in withdrawing in some sort of order. the probabilities of their being able to continue the struggle even with the fall of the capital are considered to great. Some doubt exists as to the situation in the third main arena, namely, that of Kiev. The Germans, who claimed some days ago that the fall of the city was imminent, now allege that fighting is actually taking place in the suburbs. Judging from spear] drove on Kiev but is now surrounded and in danger of being cut off from the main body which still appears to be in the neighbourhood of Jitomir and Berdichev, Further south the situation is even more obscu ain to ie other, aroon but fire dr s the Rumanians, us and the Germans have made any German timetable, the initial surprise, and the shock it entailed, the Russians have pierced are probably correct, but nothing to show that it is anything more than a penetration, and not a complete breaking through of the line. German claims to have reduced an important fortification in the neighbourhood of Vitebsk does not necess mean that a success has been obtained whic come which the Germans are not fini it easy.
While the Russians are sternly contesting every step of the way they are following a policy of making the Germans pay heavily for every advance they make. The policy of leaving strong pockets of shock troops in the rear of the German advance has giving the enemy considerable trouble, and in general it may be said that the Russians are following a plan of inflicting the greatest damage upon the invaders, regarding that as of more importance than the capture or loss of territory on the broad plains of Western Russia. The practice of systematically destroying anything likely to be of value to the enemy, which the Russians have followed wherever they have been obliged to withdraw ensures that at any rate for the present the Germans will secure little profit for what by now is probably the most expensive campaign they have embarked upon since the commencement of the war. There is at present no reason to be dissatisfied with the manner in which things are going in this phase of the war, but rather for satisfaction that the Russians are proving that the German tank is not quite so unanswerable a weapon as the first weeks of the war suggested it might fantastic conclusion Pole was the South Po When sicists are left after the last ice age—clays wi same in composition às they, were ago. Moreover.
Phelt'*ctronslogy has been, estab by rivers, each layer correspondii 7,000 The clays contain earth's magnetic field was not markedly different during the period covered from what it is today, Varying Magnetic Forces Headache For Hitler The German people do well to worry over what is going on in the United States, whether America comes actively into the war or not. Mr. Robert Patterson, the Under-Secretary of State for War. has revealed some of the "enormous preparations being made, the astronomical sums being spent, and the great strength being built up in the United States army and air corps, And Germans and other aggressors may well ask themselves the question: against whom is this great war machine to be used? President Roosevelt, it should be remembered, pledged that the United States would not go to war, unless forced to do so. J+ would appear that his advisers believe that this force will be applied, and are rushing their preparations so that. when or if war comes. the United States will be in a complete state of preparedness, If the United States is never called upon to use its own war machine in this world conflict, then the weapons being forged in such mighty numbers may be put at the dispose? of other countries opposing, aggression, Whichever way Hitler considers the problem. it is bound to give him a headache. If he is forced to an armed showdown with America. he knows that already that country can exceed the munitions output of Germany and German occupied territory, If he avoids the showdown, then he knows that at least part of this huge equipment will be sent to those who are daily bearing the brunt of the battle against him. Whatever happens, he will be blasted by American guns, tanks, and planes, Let him consider the future. By the last quarter of this year the United States army alone will be spending as much as U.S,$20.900,000 a day in getting ready for him, More than one thousand automatic rifles are being turned oùt a dav to equip this army, Seventy-four thousand planes are building. Just under half of the But how are-the remarkable secular changes that have been observed in different parts of the earth tobe explained? There is reason to believe that they are regional. ju some E areas the magnetic force is increasing: in ing areas it is decreasing. Dr. MeNish us to imagine a small but powerful magnet near the centre of the earth: a set of fourteen mi weaker magnets appropriately located way between the centre and the crust. their north poles directed toward or from the <° is centre, and the yearly addition of equally strong magnets but only 100th as as the fourteen magnets and midway as the fourteen. The fourteen magnets would ac-Count for what is called the "residual field' thas has been observed. and the thirteen for the secular variations in that field. If such an arrangement of magnetic centres, with additions, actually exists, it would explain the way the residual field is built up after about a century.
Of course, there is no such concentration of magnetic material at definite points. The con, centrations represent what the mathematicians call a "limiting case." So Dr. McNish and his school assume that when the compass at London changed in direction from 11 degrees east to 24 degrees west between 1600 and 1800 there must have been a migration of the re of magnetization. It is probable that these, migratory regions lie fairly near the surface that is, in the earth's rocky crust.
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.