China, was. born st, President of the Republic+of Kean jetung in 1806 and died in Peking in 1925. He struction and was a Cducated under foreign in-ated physician. He devoted at of his I 0 the organiza revolutionary movements for the unseating of the Manchu Cly He was elected President at Nanking in 4911 but did not remain in office for an length of tine. After his abdication, he was appointed Direct General of Railways, a position which he resigned to conduct the Second. Revolution.
At various times he organized governments at Canton of which he cither President OF Generalissimo, He was on the eve of in partie clpating in Peking polities when he died, not a re- constitution. the task of writing a The - enthusiasm the country was ing thousands of miles of railway of popular education, of a great industrial revolution, of the winning of equality among the nations of the world. Since 1908, thousands of students had been sent. to the United States to study in American universities on American Boxer Indemnity money. Other' students had gone to England, France and Japan. These returned students immediately came to the fore as the intellectual, trained leaders of the people. They represented progressive ideas. The constitution and all that was planned and dreamed in those roseate days was their work.
But a bitter blow was soon to fall upon all their hopes. Yuan Shih-kai held Peking. He controlled the army. He was a tremendous power in the country. The revolutionists had no idea what his plans were, what he would do. They feared that to ignore him would be to throw the whole coun-
The Nanking Government sug-gelted to Sun Yat-sen to forgo the Presidency, which was conferred Yun Shih-kai with Li Yuen hung as Vice-President and Tong Shao-yi" as Premier. The original iden of the revolutionists was that Yuan Shih-kal would come dowa to Nanking which would be the capital the country, 'They wanted te get way from Peking with its musty, becurantitt atmosphere. Yuak Shih-kai, however, organized a mutiny on February 28,1012, with Taao Kan as the Ting' lender and the chief mutineer. Tsao.
Commander of the Third Division, Started the mutiny which was de: igned to prevent Yuan, from com: ing to Nanking with "Teal "Youn. el, who was the delegate entrast= with Sun Yat-sen's resignation, On the morrow of the muting, Yuan Shih-kai, Tong Shao-yi and Hsih-chang eat together ina room the situation when into report. the success of the mutiny. At that moment, the cat was let out of the beg." The fee Yolutionists soon, began to. under in there days, His major interest. were dead. The Regent was re-try into a long civil war. They in training thee young mon was to develop "an' intelligent, competent Ipectad by no one and, the Emperor therefore determined fo deal with Tan 8 baby. him: Many students of China's revolutionary element in the coun~ 1pm October 10,3911, the Repsblic histoty'feel'that in that compromise try which would Ibom' th free Chine was declared. The Man-lay the' greatest mistake of the ¥e-Chico fiom the Manchus. 'The chu had shalnted under nm agrees Goverment recall volution; fcr there was' redliy"no these students ment with the Provisional. Govern. fight tomake Oina-a republic:' Tt stand that they rare dealing: with a shrewder personality than they {believed Yuan Shibckal to be. The capital was to remain Peking and igreteally al of te steel aeons lof Peking, the organization of the Government, andthe attitude -of 1881 and Yung 'Wing's plans fail £4, but the seeds had hech sown and these men returned to China with different conception of what Government: should. be- and. what could be accomplished-in China by western methods... " 3 About 1902, imniediately' after dhe ; ment "in Nanking. When the re-[volution took place, Sun Yat-sen was in'thé United States travelling between Denver and Chicago. He -Tushed Back to China and'was elect ed. provisional "President. A. provisional senate twat elected, re-iwas just like taking something away from: a: child. - Subing "Yuan Shih-hab—me " suppartitig: the' rer velation! was: ani acts which has since: toop duplicated ion, mang 6
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.