rud mort Deploys wet ote Mehekhatery haw brendedher'mex fsinguinary adjective with Morg. Few realize that Mary' ife'at a child and ex a woman was ota Rappy one, and, in that fife i would be hard to fid one unreseri) a Mey ae Foe te, ake commenced her studies under Lndovieun Vives to the time of her death.
Mary Tudor was the only child of that unlucky woman, Catherine of Aragon, who survived childhood. At the time of her birth relations between Henry and Catherine were decidedly strained although the king had not as yet definitely made up tis mind that he was accursed Because he had married his brother's widow.
In those days, when princesses were born, the first and immediate care of the parents was to set about finding some suitable young prince as her spouse and at the ame time arrange a profitable alliance, Catherine set her heart fon betrothing her daughter to Emperor Charles V of Spain, whose country was then all historians, says of her accession and reign: "No English sovereign ascended the throne with Iseger popularity than Mary, The country was eager to atone to her for her mother's injuries, All the instinetive loyalty of the English toward the natural sovereign was enhanced by the abortive attempt of, Northumberland to rob her of her inheritance. She reigned little more than five years, and descended into the grave amid deeper curses than the acclamations which greeted her accession. In that brief time she had swathed her name in the horrible epithet which will cling to it forever, and yet from the passions which in general tempt sovereigns to crime she was extent of entirely. free." personal} Destitute of advisers at home a blithe and Mary turned for guidance to debonair youth of Seventeen, was Charles V of Spain, the betrothed then easily the leading figure in of her childhood days, and it was Europe. Six years later Charles doubtless he who stiggested the visited England to make the acmarriage which took place between quaintance of the six year old her and Charles' son Philip VI, a Princess, Mary, And at the end boy eleven years her junior, who had fof the visit a solemn treaty of no interest. in her and finally betrothal was made at Windsor by deserted her.
Wwhich Charles bound himself to marry the young princess when she reached the age of twelve, Destined to become the bride of the greatest monarch in Europe, Mary's education was naturally a point of great importance, and therefore Ludovie Vives, a Spaniard of great learning und little humour, was oatied in as her tutor and Mary, as far as education was concerned, was placed in his care, And the education that he Tnid down was bard, and probably not a little dull, She was to "read the Gospels night and morning, the Acts of the Apostles; selected portions of the Old Testament, and the works of Cyprian, Jerome, Augustine, and Ambrose;' likewise Plate, Cicero, Seneca's Maxi Plutarch, the Utopia of Sir Them More and aelected portions of Horace." Greek and Latin were to be made as familiar to her as her mother tongue. Cards, dice, the reading of romances and indulgence handsome dress were proscribed as pestiferous. And after all this, contemporary writers wonder that Mary emerged from this "educational torment" a girl of delicate health and melancholy disposition.
Before Mary's education was completed, however, her royal father had decided to change fe. Rumours that Henry was about to divorce Catherine reached the cars of the Emperor Charles, who perceiving that this outcome would make Mary ineligible to the throne, promptly cancelled his marriage contract.
Thereafter Mary and her mother a life of misery. was infatuated with and would let nothing way to prevent his making her Taucen, Both were exiled from court, Mary given almost. servile employment ax lady in waiting to Soden hate sister, "Elanbeth, daughter of Anne Boleyn, She wa: not even allowed to go to her mother's deathbed when Catherine died in 1536, When Henry died ten years later, "fall of years and dishonour," by was succeded by his son Edward The reign of this weakling one and brought Mary ligious controversy burst forth with redoubled fury in England, Edward's sympathies were with the Protest ants and his administration was vent by faction and undermined by conspiracy. On his death, Lord Northumberland tried to set. his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, on the throne and it was only the support of the people which prevented Mary from being thrust aside from the throne. As it was, nine days-after the death of her brother she was proclaimed queen.
Froude, the most picturesque of Mary had been brought up a aunch Catholic and as Henry had itlawed Catholicism by royal mandate so now she replaced the state religion of the land. Yet the task which Mary thus set herself was not as easy ay it had for Henry, for her marriage with Philip had been unpopular, Decause, although her subjects were tolerant' enough of the idea of a return tg, Catholicism, they wanted the task accomplished by Englishmen and not Spaniards. Another difficulty was that when Henry had deprived the Catholics of the rich land which surrounded their abbeys, he had distributed them among his fa-vauntes, and these favourites, now grown in power, although they were willing to change their religion ax many times as would profit them raised furious objections when Mary suggested that their rolling pay-tures, cool green forests and spreading wheat fields should be restored to their former owners.
During all this time Mary's Spanish husband had been absent Holland and Belgium, and now contracted the hopeless infatuation for his cousin, Queen of Denmar! whom he met'on his visite to the continent, which led to his final desertion of his wife. It would have been better for Mary and her people had Philip not paid a last brief visit to England. For during his stay he involved the country in the Spanish war with France with the results that England lost Calais, the possession which had been the ide and joy of the nation for so long. But we can now see that the retention by the British of Calais would have led to constant Some think that this loss hastened Mary's death. Certain it is that it did much to increase her already growing unpopularity among the English people.
Maddened by the reverses which she had suffered, Mary devoted herself to that course of religious persecution which gave her that "horrible epithet." The re-establish ment of Catholicism was followed out according to the laws for the suppression of heresy, and though these laws-were entirely misplaced when used upon a nation which was just beginning to realize some measure of liberty, Mary was not. going one whit beyond them when in Tess than three years she caused three hundred victims to be burnt at the stake for daring to worship in their own way.
Long before the fifth year of. her reign Mary had come to be the most detested figure in the land and prayers. were openly offered up) for her death. And for the gratification of this pious. wish her subjects had, not long to wait, for Designed and drawn for the "North-China Daily New
Text read from the printed page and cleaned; old type leaves the occasional error.